Effects of an aerobic fitness test on short- and long-term memory in elementary-aged children     

Jennifer L. Etnier  Paul M. Sprick  Jeffrey D. Labban  Chia-Hao Shih  Stephen M. Glass  Jarod C. Vance 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(19):2264-2272

ABSTRACT

Meta-analytic evidence supports that exercise has benefits for short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). However, only three studies with children have tested the differential effects of exercise on STM and LTM. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an aerobic fitness test on STM and LTM and to consider the moderating effects of grade level. Children (7–13 years of age) were randomly assigned to either perform an aerobic fitness test before (exercise prior) or after (exercise post) performing the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) to assess memory. Memory was tested again after approximately 24 hours. There were significant differences in memory performance as a function of grade with 4^th and 6^th graders consistently outperforming 2^nd graders. For learning, Day 1 Retention, 24-hr recall, and Day 2 Retention, the exercise prior group performed better than the exercise post group. It is concluded that an aerobic fitness test performed prior to a declarative memory test benefits LTM as compared to when the aerobic fitness test is performed after the memory test.  相似文献   

运动处方的过去、现在与未来          下载免费PDF全文

朱为模 《体育科研》2020,(1):1-18

运动作为防治疾病的一味"药",正迅速被越来越多的医生所认可,并走进了大众的日常生活。运动既然是"药",就不该是"多多益善",而应该是"量体裁衣"、个性化定制,也因此需要处方。文章旨在回顾运动处方过去和现在的发展与对未来发展需求的猜测,对这个方兴未艾的领域增进了解,并进行系统介绍。追溯运动处方的研究和发展历史,大致可以分为4个时期3个阶段,从认识到运动对健康的重要性到运动成为防病治病的良药以及运动处方的发展走过了近70年的历程。国外大量科学的研究(尤其是追踪研究)和数据是支持运动处方不断前进的基石。从运动处方科学发展中所学到的智慧将会对中国传统运动处方的建设、中国大众的健康促进作出积极贡献。  相似文献   

音乐融入高等院校太极拳教学中的价值与方法探析     

周新红  张辞  李玉  郑健 《中华武术(研究)》2020,(4):102-105

音乐与运动已经成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。在高校公共体育课教学中,如何将运动与音乐完美的结合,是值得相关教学工作者进一步关注与思考的问题。本文选取太极拳教学作为研究案例,有目的、有步骤地将不同音乐素材巧妙地融入到“三段式”体育教学结构中的准备部分、基本部分和结束部分。以期提高教学质量和学习效果,为我国高等院校太极拳课程的建设提供参考依据。  相似文献   

The effect of exercise interventions on resting metabolic rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis     

Kristen MacKenzie-Shalders  Jaimon T. Kelly  Daniel So  Vernon G. Coffey  Nuala M. Byrne 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(14):1635-1649

ABSTRACT

The systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of aerobic, resistance and combined exercise on RMR (kCal·day^-1) and performed a methodological assessment of indirect calorimetry protocols within the included studies. Subgroup analyses included energy/diet restriction and body composition changes. Randomized control trials (RCTs), quasi – RCTs and cohort trials featuring a physical activity intervention of any form and duration excluding single exercise bouts were included. Participant exclusions included medical conditions impacting upon RMR, the elderly (≥65 years of age) or pregnant, lactating or post-menopausal women. The review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD 42,017,058,503). 1669 articles were identified; 22 were included in the qualitative analysis and 18 were meta-analysed. Exercise interventions (aerobic and resistance exercise combined) did not increase resting metabolic rate (mean difference (MD): 74.6 kCal·day^-1[95% CI: ?13.01, 161.33], P = 0.10). While there was no effect of aerobic exercise on RMR (MD: 81.65 kCal·day^-1[95% CI: ?57.81, 221.10], P = 0.25), resistance exercise increased RMR compared to controls (MD: 96.17 kCal·day^-1[95% CI: 45.17, 147.16], P = 0.0002). This systematic review effectively synthesises the effect of exercise interventions on RMR in comparison to controls; despite heterogenous methodologies and high risk of bias within included studies.  相似文献   

基于体育课堂观测的小学生身体活动水平及教师教学行为分析     

李兴盈  汪晓赞 《沈阳体育学院学报》2020,(2):27-33

全球儿童青少年的肥胖发病率逐年增高,身体活动不足,每天参加足够量的身体活动是促进其身心健康发展的基本保障。我国儿童青少年面对繁重的学业和大量的家庭作业,课外体育活动参与的时间大大减少,体育课成为了唯一能促使学生参与中等到大强度身体活动的场所。通过SOFIT工具对上海市黄浦区5所小学的217节体育课的学生身体活动水平和教师教学行为进行了观测,分析发现:上海市小学生体育课中的身体活动水平偏低,能够达到50%以上时间进行中等到大强度身体活动(MVPA)的课时比率非常少。教师用于课堂管理和知识讲解的时间过多,且对促进学生进行MVPA的语言干预不够,这些均影响了学生的课内身体活动水平。建议除对学生的活动时间高度重视外,还应该重视学生课内身体活动强度;体育教师应做到“精讲多练”,推动学生积极的参与体育活动;注重开发优质的体育课程。  相似文献   

协同学视域下体育教学协同发展动力研究     

苏尔健 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(6):156-158

运用文献资料法,并以协同学理论为研究工具,研究分析了现代体育教学的发展,同时找出现代体育教学发展的促进因子。研究认为:在子系统之间,体育教学发展的内在动力是“协同”和“竞争”,体育教学组织系统与外界因素的“协同”与“竞争”是其发展的外在推动力,序参量的“协同”与“竞争”是其发展的核心动力。  相似文献   

铸魂育人:体育课程思政建设的紧迫性与自身优势探究     

杨祥全 《天津体育学院学报》2020,(1):13-16

“体育强则中国强”,体育在国家建设、人才培养、社会发展中具有举足轻重的重要作用。进入“新时代”,在复杂的国际形势下,在中华民族迈向伟大复兴“中国梦”的征程中,“以体育人”已成为社会的迫切需求。体育蕴含的自信自强、不畏强敌,顽强拼搏、永不言弃,团结协作、爱国奉献,德艺双修等精神,以及历代先贤对“武”的重视、国家领导人有关体育的论述等已为体育课程思政建设指明了方向、提供了活水源头。  相似文献   

现代教育技术在体育教学中的应用     

岳明晓  吴刚 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(2):65-65,77

伴随着社会的高速发展,现代教育技术已经有了质的飞跃,现代教育方式、教学思想与教学目标都受到了现代教育技术的影响。本文主要是采用文献资料法、调查法以及思维方法等对现代教育技术对体育教学中的应用进行研究。通过研究现代教育技术对体育教学的优势以及应用得出以下结论,体育教学的借助现代教学技术解决了体育教师边讲解边示范;解决了一些较为复杂技术动作的展示;解决了枯燥单一的传统体育教学模式等。因此,现代教育技术在体育教学中的应用值得体育教师尝试与研究。  相似文献   

幼儿体育教学的设计方案与开发研究     

张雪琴 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(1):95-95,104

幼儿时期是人类成长的奠基时期,通过科学的幼儿体育教学将对会幼儿的身体健康、人格塑造与品质培养起到积极促进作用。文章采用文献资料法等,对幼儿体育教学的设计方案与开发展开研究。研究认为:根据幼儿的身心特点与身体发育特征,设计具有支持性、训练性与养成行动体育教学内容和方式,把体育文化、体育意识、体育技能融入到幼儿的体育活动和成长中,以有效提高幼儿各方面的素质。  相似文献   

Interval exercise induces milder respiratory responses compared to continuous exercise     

Pierros Thomakos  Nikolaos Geladas  Ifigenia Giannopoulou  George Varouhakis  Panagiotis Behrakis 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(5):576-581

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to explore the respiratory response of acute interval and continuous exercise (CE) of low and high intensity. Fourteen recreational athletes (7 men and 7 women; VO₂max = 35.7 ± 6.1 mlkg^–1min^–1) performed a bout of continuous and a bout of interval exercise (IE) both consisted of 5-min cycling at low intensity [80% of the power output (W) of the predetermined gas exchange threshold (GET) (80%W_GET)] and 5-min cycling at high intensity {W_GET plus the work rate corresponding to 50% of the difference between peak power output (PPO) at oxygen uptake (VO₂max) test and the W_GET [W_GET + 0.50 Δ(PPO – W_GET)]}. CE compared to IE induced significant higher heart rate and ventilation as well as significant higher levels of mouth occlusion pressure for 0.1 s (P_0.1) (P < 0.05) during low and high intensities. Our results indicate that CE stimulates respiration more than IE when the exercise is performed at the same relative intensity.  相似文献